Midpoint Formula Calculator

Find the midpoint between two coordinate points. Midpoint = ((x₁+x₂)/2, (y₁+y₂)/2). Also calculates the distance and slope of the line segment connecting the two points.

∑ Algebra📐 M = ((x₁+x₂)/2, (y₁+y₂)/2)🔢 Math
x₁
y₁
x₂
y₂
Please enter valid values.

Formula & Reference

VariableSymbolFormulaUnits
Midpoint Formula CalculatorM = ((x₁+x₂)/2, (y₁+y₂)/2)coordinate point

Step-by-Step Examples

Example 1
Basic

(2,4) and (8,10).

  • Mx=(2+8)/2=5
  • My=(4+10)/2=7
  • Midpoint: (5,7)
✓ Midpoint = (5, 7)
Example 2
Negative Coords

(−3,−1) and (5,7).

  • Mx=(−3+5)/2=1
  • My=(−1+7)/2=3
  • Midpoint: (1,3)
✓ Midpoint = (1, 3)
Example 3
Find Missing Endpoint

Midpoint (3,5), one endpoint (1,2). Find other endpoint.

  • 2×3−1=5, 2×5−2=8
  • Other endpoint: (5,8)
✓ Other endpoint = (5, 8)

Real-World Applications

Common Mistakes to Avoid

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Averaging wrong pairs

The x-midpoint uses x1 and x2 only. Do not mix x and y coordinates.

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Finding endpoint from midpoint

Use endpoint = 2×midpoint − known endpoint. Not just midpoint + difference.

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3D midpoint

For 3D: M = ((x1+x2)/2, (y1+y2)/2, (z1+z2)/2).

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the midpoint formula?
Midpoint = ((x1+x2)/2, (y1+y2)/2). Simply the arithmetic mean of the x-coordinates and y-coordinates.
How to find an unknown endpoint?
If midpoint M and one endpoint A are known: B = 2M − A. For each coordinate: x_B = 2×M_x − x_A.
What is the perpendicular bisector?
The line passing through the midpoint and perpendicular (slope = −1/original slope) to the segment.
How does the midpoint relate to averages?
The midpoint IS the average position. In higher dimensions, this generalizes to the centroid.
What is a midsegment?
A segment connecting midpoints of two sides of a triangle. It is parallel to the third side and exactly half its length.

Related Math Calculators

Formula Explorer connections

Interpretation: This relationship connects dimensions, coordinates, angles or trigonometric ratios to a geometric measurement. Assumption: Use a consistent angle mode and length unit, identify the intended shape or coordinate system, and verify that the supplied dimensions form valid geometry.

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