BTU to kWh Converter

Convert BTU (British Thermal Units) to kilowatt-hours for HVAC sizing, appliance energy consumption, and utility bill calculations. Includes watt-hours and therms.

⚡ Energy📐 kWh = BTU / 3,412.14
BTU
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Formula & Reference

VariableFormulaUnits
BTU to kWh ConverterkWh = BTU / 3,412.14kilowatt-hours

Step-by-Step Examples

Example 1
12,000 BTU AC

12,000 BTU window AC to kW.

  • 12,000 / 3,412 = 3.517 kW
  • A 12,000 BTU (1-ton) AC uses 3.5 kW/hr
  • Running 8 hrs/day = 3.517 x 8 = 28.1 kWh/day
✓ 3.52 kW / 28.1 kWh/8hrs
Example 2
Furnace Output

80,000 BTU/hr furnace to kW.

  • 80,000 / 3,412 = 23.44 kW
  • Gas furnaces are rated in BTU/hr; heat pumps in kW
✓ 23.44 kW equivalent
Example 3
Water Heater

100,000 BTU water heater per day.

  • 100,000 / 3,412 = 29.3 kWh/day
  • Gas water heater at $1.20/therm: 1 therm = 100,000 BTU
✓ 29.3 kWh / 1 therm per day

Real-World Applications

Common Mistakes to Avoid

⚠️
BTU/hr vs BTU

BTU/hr is a power rating (watts equivalent); BTU is an energy quantity (watt-hours equivalent). A 12,000 BTU/hr AC uses 12,000 BTU every hour. Ensure you use the right form for your calculation.

⚠️
Gas vs electric comparison

Gas appliances are rated in BTU/hr; electric in watts or kW. To compare: 1 kW = 3,412 BTU/hr. A gas furnace at 80,000 BTU/hr is equivalent to 23.4 kW heating capacity.

⚠️
Efficiency is not accounted for

An 80,000 BTU/hr furnace at 80% AFUE only delivers 64,000 BTU/hr of heat to your home. The conversion gives input BTU, not delivered BTU.

Frequently Asked Questions

How many BTU in a kWh?
3,412.14 BTU per kWh. Conversely, 1 BTU = 0.0002931 kWh.
What is a BTU?
A British Thermal Unit (BTU) is the amount of heat needed to raise 1 pound of water by 1 degree Fahrenheit. It is used primarily in HVAC, plumbing, and cooking equipment ratings in the US.
How many BTU is a ton of AC?
1 ton of AC = 12,000 BTU/hr = 3.517 kW. The ton rating comes from the heat absorbed by melting 1 ton of ice over 24 hours.
What is a therm?
1 therm = 100,000 BTU = 29.3 kWh. Natural gas bills are often in therms. 1 therm is approximately the energy in 100 cubic feet (CCF) of natural gas.
How do I compare gas and electric heating costs?
Convert both to kWh equivalent. Gas at $1.20/therm = $1.20/29.3 kWh = $0.041/kWh equivalent. Electricity at $0.13/kWh is about 3x more expensive. A heat pump changes this equation with its COP efficiency.

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