Arithmetic Sequence Calculator

Find the nth term, common-difference pattern, and partial sum of an arithmetic sequence with full step-by-step explanation.

SequencesSeriesHigh School Math

Calculate

First term a₁
Common difference d
Term number n
Please enter valid values.

What this calculator teaches

An arithmetic sequence changes by adding the same number each time. That repeated addition creates a linear pattern.

Students use arithmetic sequences for pattern problems, seating rows, savings plans, and any situation with equal increases or decreases.

Formula & Symbols

ConceptFormulaMeaning
nth terma_n = a_1 + (n - 1)dFinds the term in position n.
partial sumS_n = n(a_1 + a_n)/2Adds the first n terms.

Step-by-Step Examples

Example 1
Find a term
  • Let a₁ = 5 and d = 3.
  • For n = 10, a₁₀ = 5 + (10 - 1)3.
  • a₁₀ = 5 + 27 = 32.
✓ The 10th term is 32.
Example 2
Find a sum
  • Use Sₙ = n(a₁ + aₙ)/2.
  • S₁₀ = 10(5 + 32)/2.
  • S₁₀ = 185.
✓ The sum of the first 10 terms is 185.

Where students use this

🎓
High school and college
Use the tool to check homework and understand each step.
📊
Data and modeling
Connect formulas to tables, graphs, and real values.
🧪
Science and engineering
Use math results inside physics, chemistry, and engineering problems.
💻
Computer science
Apply the same logic to algorithms, systems, and numerical work.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

⚠️
Using n instead of n − 1

The first term already exists, so you add the difference only n − 1 times.

⚠️
Confusing sequence and series

A sequence is the list of terms. A series is the sum of terms.

⚠️
Assuming all patterns are arithmetic

Only use arithmetic formulas when the same number is added each time.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do I know if a sequence is arithmetic?
Check consecutive differences. If each difference is the same, the sequence is arithmetic.
What is the common difference?
It is the amount added to each term to get the next term.
Can d be negative?
Yes. A negative common difference means the sequence decreases.
What does Sₙ mean?
Sₙ is the sum of the first n terms.

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Formula Explorer connections

Interpretation: This formula describes an algebraic relationship among variables, functions, equations, roots or sequences. Assumption: Respect the expression’s domain and excluded values. Check roots in the original equation because transformations can introduce extraneous solutions.

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