Arithmetic Sequence Calculator

Find the nth term, common-difference pattern, and partial sum of an arithmetic sequence with full step-by-step explanation.

SequencesSeriesHigh School Math

Calculate

First term a₁
Common difference d
Term number n
Please enter valid values.

What this calculator teaches

An arithmetic sequence changes by adding the same number each time. That repeated addition creates a linear pattern.

Students use arithmetic sequences for pattern problems, seating rows, savings plans, and any situation with equal increases or decreases.

Formula & Symbols

ConceptFormulaMeaning
nth terma_n = a_1 + (n - 1)dFinds the term in position n.
partial sumS_n = n(a_1 + a_n)/2Adds the first n terms.

Step-by-Step Examples

Example 1
Find a term
  • Let a₁ = 5 and d = 3.
  • For n = 10, a₁₀ = 5 + (10 - 1)3.
  • a₁₀ = 5 + 27 = 32.
✓ The 10th term is 32.
Example 2
Find a sum
  • Use Sₙ = n(a₁ + aₙ)/2.
  • S₁₀ = 10(5 + 32)/2.
  • S₁₀ = 185.
✓ The sum of the first 10 terms is 185.

Where students use this

🎓
High school and college
Use the tool to check homework and understand each step.
📊
Data and modeling
Connect formulas to tables, graphs, and real values.
🧪
Science and engineering
Use math results inside physics, chemistry, and engineering problems.
💻
Computer science
Apply the same logic to algorithms, systems, and numerical work.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

⚠️
Using n instead of n − 1

The first term already exists, so you add the difference only n − 1 times.

⚠️
Confusing sequence and series

A sequence is the list of terms. A series is the sum of terms.

⚠️
Assuming all patterns are arithmetic

Only use arithmetic formulas when the same number is added each time.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do I know if a sequence is arithmetic? ▾
Check consecutive differences. If each difference is the same, the sequence is arithmetic.
What is the common difference? ▾
It is the amount added to each term to get the next term.
Can d be negative? ▾
Yes. A negative common difference means the sequence decreases.
What does Sₙ mean? ▾
Sₙ is the sum of the first n terms.

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Formula Explorer connections

Interpretation: This formula describes an algebraic relationship among variables, functions, equations, roots or sequences. Assumption: Respect the expression’s domain and excluded values. Check roots in the original equation because transformations can introduce extraneous solutions.

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