Corrected Sodium Calculator

Correct measured serum sodium for hyperglycaemia using both the classic Katz factor and the Hillier correction, to distinguish true hyponatraemia from dilutional pseudohyponatraemia.

🧪 Lab Value📐 Corrected Na = measured Na + factor × (glucose − 100) / 100🏥 Health
Measured sodium (mmol/L)
Serum glucose (mg/dL)
Please enter valid values.

Formula & Reference

VariableSymbolFormulaUnits
Corrected Sodium CalculatorCorrected Na = measured Na + factor × (glucose − 100) / 100mmol/L

Step-by-Step Examples

Example 1
Marked Hyperglycaemia

Measured sodium 128 mmol/L, glucose 600 mg/dL.

  • Glucose excess above 100 = 500 mg/dL
  • Katz: 128 + 1.6 × 5 = 136 mmol/L
  • Hillier: 128 + 2.4 × 5 = 140 mmol/L
  • The apparent hyponatraemia is largely dilutional
✓ Corrected sodium 136 mmol/L (Katz)
Example 2
Moderate Hyperglycaemia

Measured sodium 132 mmol/L, glucose 300 mg/dL.

  • Glucose excess = 200 mg/dL
  • Katz: 132 + 1.6 × 2 = 135.2 mmol/L
  • Hillier: 132 + 2.4 × 2 = 136.8 mmol/L
✓ Corrected sodium 135.2 mmol/L (Katz)
Example 3
True Hyponatraemia

Measured sodium 118 mmol/L, glucose 700 mg/dL.

  • Glucose excess = 600 mg/dL
  • Katz: 118 + 1.6 × 6 = 127.6 mmol/L
  • Even fully corrected, sodium remains clearly low
  • Indicates genuine sodium depletion alongside hyperglycaemia
✓ Corrected sodium 127.6 mmol/L — still hyponatraemic

Real-World Applications

Common Mistakes to Avoid

⚠️
Assuming corrected sodium is the real sodium

Correction estimates what sodium would be once glucose normalises. It is a projection, not a measurement, and both correction factors are approximations.

⚠️
Using only the Katz factor at extreme glucose

The 1.6 factor was derived at moderate hyperglycaemia. Experimental work by Hillier suggested 2.4 fits better above roughly 400 mg/dL, and using 1.6 there underestimates the correction.

⚠️
Confusing this with lipid or protein pseudohyponatraemia

Severe hypertriglyceridaemia and paraproteinaemia cause a different laboratory artefact affecting the measurement method itself, which no glucose-based correction addresses.

Frequently Asked Questions

Why does high glucose lower sodium?
Glucose is osmotically active and draws water out of cells into the extracellular space, diluting the sodium concentration without changing total body sodium.
What is the difference between the Katz and Hillier corrections?
Katz uses a factor of 1.6 mmol/L per 100 mg/dL of glucose above 100; Hillier uses 2.4 based on experimental data, and is generally preferred at very high glucose levels.
Should I correct sodium at any glucose level?
Correction only becomes meaningful when glucose is substantially elevated — typically above 200 mg/dL. At near-normal glucose the adjustment is negligible.
What if corrected sodium is still low?
That indicates genuine hyponatraemia coexisting with hyperglycaemia, requiring its own evaluation of volume status, urine osmolality, and underlying cause.
Is this the same as pseudohyponatraemia?
Related but distinct. Hyperglycaemia causes true dilutional hyponatraemia from water shift, whereas classic pseudohyponatraemia is a measurement artefact from severe hyperlipidaemia or high protein levels.

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