Income Tax Calculator – Federal Tax Estimate

Estimate federal income tax for any income and filing status. See effective and marginal rates.

📊 Finance📐 Progressive marginal rate brackets
Annual income ($)
Filing status
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Formula & Reference

VariableFormulaUnits
Income Tax Calculator – Federal Tax EstimateProgressive marginal rate brackets$

Step-by-Step Examples

Example 1
$85K, Single

$85,000 single filer.

  • Standard deduction: $14,600 | Taxable: $70,400
  • Federal: ~$12,000 | Effective: 14.1%
✓ ~$12,000 / 14.1% effective
Example 2
$150K, Married

$150,000 married filing jointly.

  • Deduction: $29,200 | Federal: ~$17,000
  • Effective: 11.3%
✓ ~$17,000 / 11.3%
Example 3
$50K, Single

$50,000.

  • Federal: ~$4,800 | Effective: 9.6%
✓ ~$4,800 / 9.6%

Real-World Applications

Common Mistakes to Avoid

⚠️
Confusing marginal and effective rate

22% marginal does NOT mean 22% of all income. Effective rate is what you actually pay.

⚠️
Not maximizing deductions

401k, IRA, HSA all reduce taxable income. Model these before year-end.

Frequently Asked Questions

2024 standard deduction?
Single: $14,600. Married: $29,200. Head of household: $21,900.
When to itemize?
Itemize if deductions (mortgage interest, SALT up to $10K, donations) exceed standard deduction.
Self-employment taxes?
Add 15.3% SE tax on net self-employed income. Deduct half on Schedule 1.

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