Minimum Viable Price Calculator

Calculate the lowest price at which a product still covers variable cost, allocated overhead, and a target margin — the floor below which a sale destroys value.

📉 Pricing📐 Minimum price = (variable cost + allocated overhead) / (1 − target margin)💼 Business
Variable cost per unit
Allocated fixed cost per unit
Target net margin (%)
Expected volume
Selling costs per unit (commission, fees)
Expected return/discount rate (%)
Please enter valid values.

Formula & Reference

VariableSymbolFormulaUnits
Minimum Viable Price CalculatorMinimum price = (variable cost + allocated overhead) / (1 − target margin)currency

Step-by-Step Examples

Example 1
Standard Product

Variable 28, allocated fixed 12, selling 4.50, target margin 20%, 8% leakage, 3,000 units.

  • Full cost = 28 + 12 + 4.50 = 44.50
  • Before leakage = 44.50 / 0.80 = 55.63
  • Grossed up for 8% leakage = 55.63 / 0.92 = 60.46
  • Absolute floor = 32.50
✓ 60.46 minimum, 32.50 absolute floor
Example 2
No Overhead Allocation

Variable 28, no fixed allocation, selling 4.50, 20% margin, no leakage.

  • Full cost = 32.50
  • Minimum = 32.50 / 0.80 = 40.63
  • Ignoring overhead makes the floor look 33% lower than it is
✓ 40.63 — but overhead unrecovered
Example 3
Marginal Order Decision

Same product, spare capacity, one-off order.

  • Absolute floor = variable 28 + selling 4.50 = 32.50
  • Any price above this adds contribution toward already-committed overhead
  • But repeated below-full-cost pricing leaves overhead unrecovered
✓ 32.50 for genuine spare capacity only

Real-World Applications

Common Mistakes to Avoid

⚠️
Ignoring selling costs

Commissions, marketplace fees, and payment processing are per-unit costs that belong in the floor calculation.

⚠️
Treating the absolute floor as a normal price

Pricing at variable cost is defensible only for genuine spare capacity. Repeated use leaves fixed costs unrecovered and the business unprofitable.

⚠️
Forgetting returns and discount leakage

If 8% of value never materialises, list price must be grossed up accordingly or realised margin falls short of target.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is minimum viable price?
The lowest price that still covers variable cost, allocated overhead, selling costs, and a target margin after allowing for returns and discounting.
What is the absolute price floor?
Variable cost plus per-unit selling cost. Below this, each sale loses cash immediately regardless of volume.
When can I sell below full cost?
When genuine spare capacity exists and the order does not displace full-price business. Any contribution above variable cost helps cover committed overhead.
Why gross up for returns and discounts?
Because realised revenue is below list price. If 8% leaks away, list must be about 8.7% higher to achieve the target net price.
How should overhead be allocated?
Ideally by a driver reflecting actual resource consumption. Simple per-unit allocation works when products are similar but distorts across a varied range.

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